rarely used kanji form  irregular kanji usage  usually written using kana alone  suffix 

• must not, do not

usually written using kana alone  archaic  auxiliary verb  verb (generic)  irregular ru verb  copula  noun  noun (generic)  suffix 

• to be
• to be (at a location)
• sum of money

archaic  suffix  counter 

• counter for helmets, etc.

noun  noun (generic)  noun (suffix)  suffix 

• public affair, government matter, the state, the government, the public
• duke, prince
• Sir, Lord
• familiar or derogatory suffix

JLPT N1  noun  noun (generic)  noun (suffix)  counter  suffix  prefix 

• class, order, rank
• et cetera, etc., and the like
• equal, iso-

noun  noun (generic)  suffix  Buddhism 

• temple (Buddhist)
• central pillar of a pagoda
• kshetra (realm, country), ksetra

noun  noun (generic)  suffix 

• week-old

suffix  い adjective  adjective (generic) 

• look like, sound like, seem like, savor of, smack of

onomatopoeic or mimetic word  adverb  adverb taking the と particle  female term  slang  suffix 

• pat, tap, clap, slap, smack
• pop, crack
• cutesy suffix applied to names

search-only kanji form  noun  noun (generic)  abbreviation  suffix 

• encouragement, cheering (someone) up
• restoring (someone) to consciousness, bringing (someone) around
• restorative, stimulant, pick-me-up, tonic, smelling salts
• care of, c/o