ๆใใใใใkakerupopular JLPT N5 usually written using kana alone Ichidan verb verb (generic) transitive verb mathematics suffix
- to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall), to let hang, to suspend (from), to hoist (e.g. sail), to raise (e.g. flag)
- to put on (e.g. a blanket), to put on top of, to cover, to lay, to spread
- to put on (glasses, etc.), to wear (a necklace, etc.)
- to make (a call)
- to spend (time, money), to expend, to use
- to pour (liquid) onto, to sprinkle (powder or spices) onto, to splash, to throw (e.g. water) onto
- to turn on (an engine, radio, etc.), to set (a dial, alarm clock, etc.), to put on (a DVD, song, etc.), to use (a device, implement, etc.)
- to cause (someone inconvenience, trouble, etc.), to burden (someone), to impose
- to multiply (arithmetic operation)
- to secure (e.g. lock)
- to take a seat, to sit, to rest (something on something else), to support (something on something else)
- to bind
- to wager, to bet, to risk, to stake, to gamble
- to put an effect (spell, anaesthetic, etc.) on
- to hold (a play, festival, etc.)
- to hold an emotion for (pity, hope, etc.)
- to argue (in court), to deliberate (in a meeting), to present (e.g. idea to a conference, etc.)
- to increase further
- to catch (in a trap, etc.)
- to set atop
- to erect (a makeshift building)
- to apply (insurance)
- to pun (on a word), to use (a word) as a pivot word, to play on words
- to be partway doing ..., to begin (but not complete) ..., to be about to ...
- to address (someone), to direct (something, to someone), to do (something, to someone)
popular noun noun (generic) humble language derogatory suffix
- taste, elegance, charm
- appearance, air
- the likes of ..., lowly people such as ...
popular JLPT N3 Ichidan verb verb (generic) transitive verb suffix
- to put (into), to put away (in), to put back (in), to keep (in), to store (in), to restore (to its place)
- to include (in an anthology, catalogue, etc.), to contain, to publish (in), to capture (on film)
- to achieve (results, success, etc.), to obtain, to get, to gain, to win, to make (a profit)
- to pay (fees, taxes, etc.), to deliver, to supply
- to accept (a gift or money)
- to keep (within a limit)
- to offer (to a shrine, deity, etc.), to dedicate
- to subdue, to suppress, to settle
- to finish, to conclude, to wind up, to bring to a close
popular noun noun (generic) suffix
- ferry (crossing), ferry(boat)
- delivery
popular obsolete reading JLPT N3 noun noun (generic) suffix
- native Japanese reading of a Chinese character
- precept, lesson, one's teachings
popular JLPT N1 abbreviation noun noun (generic) suffix usually written using kana alone noun (suffix)
- credit
- money owed on an account, bill
- hanger, holder, rest, rack, peg, hook, stand
- in the process of (doing), midway through, half-(done)
- on the verge of, just about to
- hot noodles in broth
- wholesale price as a proportion of the list price (in tenths)
popular suffix
- etc., et cetera, and so on
popular JLPT N2 usually written using kana alone suffix Ichidan verb verb (generic) transitive verb
- to be unable to, to find difficult (unpleasant, awkward, painful) to do
- to serve two or more functions or roles simultaneously, to contain (or combine) two or more features
- to work in two or more jobs simultaneously (positions, etc.), to do alongside
- to hesitate to do something (out of consideration for others)
- to think of the future (as well as the present)
popular suffix
- suffix for train car numbers
popular nidan verb (archaic) nidan verb (archaic) verb (generic) suffix formal or literary term transitive verb
- to be able to ..., can ...
- to get, to acquire, to obtain, to procure, to earn, to win, to gain, to secure, to attain