List: out-dated or obsolete kana usage
Readings no longer used in modern Japanese.
popular obsolete reading JLPT N3 noun noun (generic) noun or participle taking the aux. verb ใใ transitive verb
- repair, mending, fixing, servicing
popular obsolete reading JLPT N1 noun noun (generic) noun or participle taking the aux. verb ใใ intransitive verb
- promotion, advancement, rising in rank
popular obsolete reading JLPT N1 noun noun (generic) noun taking the genitive case particle ใฎ adjective (generic) ใช adjective adverb Buddhism
- truth, reality
- truly, really
- absolute truth
popular obsolete reading JLPT N2 noun noun (generic)
- surname, family name
- hereditary title (used in ancient Japan to denote rank and political standing)
popular obsolete reading JLPT N3 noun noun (generic)
- Japanese apricot (Prunus mume), Japanese plum, ume, Chinese plum
- lowest (of a three-tier ranking system)
popular obsolete reading JLPT N2 noun noun (generic)
- existence or nonexistence, presence or absence
- consent or refusal, yes or no
popular obsolete reading JLPT N4 noun noun (generic)
- condition, state
- health, state (of health)
- way, manner
- circumstance, luck
- face, dignity, decency, propriety
popular obsolete reading JLPT N1 noun noun (generic)
- Imperial Palace (of Japan), imperial residence
popular obsolete reading noun noun (generic) noun or participle taking the aux. verb ใใ transitive verb
- killing, murder
popular obsolete reading noun noun (generic)
- in the city
- in the community