List: out-dated or obsolete kana usage
Readings no longer used in modern Japanese.
obsolete reading noun noun (generic)
- duplicity, treachery, double-dealing
gikun or jukujikun obsolete reading usually written using kana alone noun noun (generic)
- mole (Talpidae spp., esp. the small Japanese mole, Mogera imaizumii)
obsolete reading JLPT N2 godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) intransitive verb
- to dive (into or under water)
- to get under, to get into, to get in, to creep into, to crawl under, to bury oneself, to burrow into, to dig oneself into, to snuggle under
- to hide oneself (esp. from the government), to conceal oneself, to go underground
obsolete reading ใช adjective adjective (generic) noun noun (generic)
- elegant, exquisite
obsolete reading noun noun (generic) noun or participle taking the aux. verb ใใ transitive verb obsolete term
- probing (into), digging (into), prying (into), scrutiny, poking one's nose into, poking around
- excavation, digging
obsolete reading noun noun (generic) noun or participle taking the aux. verb ใใ intransitive verb
- imperial visit
obsolete reading ateji noun noun (generic)
- ladle, dipper, scoop
obsolete reading usually written using kana alone noun noun (generic)
- pit viper (esp. the mamushi, Gloydius blomhoffi)
obsolete reading noun noun (generic)
- whip, lash, scourge
- stick, cane, rod, pointer
obsolete reading usually written using kana alone noun noun (generic)
- kaya (Torreya nucifera), Japanese nutmeg tree