List: adjectival nouns or quasi-adjectives (keiyodoshi)
Adjectival nouns (keiyō-dōshi) or adjectives finishing in な before they modify a noun.
rarely used kanji form usually written using kana alone noun noun (generic) な adjective adjective (generic)
- without preparation, off the cuff, abrupt, without warning
- unreserved, without restraint, frank, blunt, direct
- beginning, start, outset
な adjective adjective (generic)
- geometrical
な adjective adjective (generic)
- distinctive, characteristic
な adjective adjective (generic)
- elementary, basic, rudimentary
な adjective adjective (generic)
- periodic, cyclic, cyclical
な adjective adjective (generic)
- economic, financial, fiscal
noun noun (generic) な adjective adjective (generic)
- upside down
な adjective adjective (generic)
- at the point of death, almost dead, about to die
- at some limit (pain, hunger, etc.)
noun noun (generic) な adjective adjective (generic) noun taking the genitive case particle の
- aesthetic sense in Japanese art emphasising quiet simplicity and subdued refinement
な adjective adjective (generic)
- sustainable