List: adjectival nouns or quasi-adjectives (keiyodoshi)
Adjectival nouns (keiyō-dōshi) or adjectives finishing in な before they modify a noun.
popular JLPT N3 onomatopoeic or mimetic word adverb adverb taking the と particle noun or participle taking the aux. verb する verb (generic) noun (generic) な adjective adjective (generic)
- tightly, closely
- exactly, precisely
- suddenly (stopping)
- perfectly (suited), ideally
popular onomatopoeic or mimetic word adverb adverb taking the と particle noun or participle taking the aux. verb する verb (generic) noun (generic) な adjective adjective (generic)
- unsteadily (e.g. on one's feet), shakily, staggering, tottering, reeling, dizzily, giddily
- wavering (in one's mind), unsteadily, indecisively
- aimlessly, unconsciously, whimsically, without thinking
popular JLPT N1 onomatopoeic or mimetic word noun taking the genitive case particle の adjective (generic) な adjective adverb adverb taking the と particle noun or participle taking the aux. verb する noun (generic)
- too large (clothing), baggy, loose-fitting
- bulging, warping
- parp, toot, blast
popular usually written using kana alone な adjective adjective (generic) noun noun (generic)
- curt, blunt, brusque
popular JLPT N1 onomatopoeic or mimetic word adverb adverb taking the と particle noun or participle taking the aux. verb する verb (generic) noun (generic) な adjective adjective (generic)
- dangling, swaying, swinging
- (walking) leisurely, aimlessly, strolling, wandering, rambling
- idly, lazily, leisurely, aimlessly
popular onomatopoeic or mimetic word な adjective adjective (generic) noun taking the genitive case particle の
- completely exhausted, dead tired, knackered
popular JLPT N2 noun taking the genitive case particle の adjective (generic) な adjective adverb interjection female term
- so-so, passable, not (so) bad, reasonable
- now, now, there, there, there now
- my, my, oh my!, dear me!
popular noun noun (generic) な adjective adjective (generic)
- cheating, fraud, trickery, deception
- fake, bogus, quack, sham, counterfeit
popular onomatopoeic or mimetic word noun taking the genitive case particle の adjective (generic) な adjective noun or participle taking the aux. verb する noun (generic) adverb adverb taking the と particle
- dry and rough, desiccated
- rustling
popular gikun or jukujikun search-only kana form search-only kanji form JLPT N3 usually written using kana alone noun noun (generic) noun or participle taking the aux. verb する transitive verb intransitive verb な adjective adjective (generic) humble language euphemistic
- mischief, prank, trick, practical joke
- mischievous, naughty
- pastime, hobby
- playing with (e.g. a lighter), fooling around with, messing around with, amusing oneself with, tampering with
- lewd behaviour, sexual misconduct, sexual assault, molestation, rape