formal or literary term noun noun (generic)
- previous lord, late lord
- (one's) late father
- ancestor
formal or literary term noun noun (generic)
- (one's) late father
formal or literary term noun noun (generic)
- (one's) late mother
formal or literary term noun noun (generic)
- the whole, general state, general condition
formal or literary term noun noun (generic)
- former visit
formal or literary term noun noun (generic)
- wound (from an edged weapon), cut
- damage, injury, loss
formal or literary term noun noun (generic)
- one's eyes, (pair of) eyes
rarely used kanji form formal or literary term ใช adjective adjective (generic) noun noun (generic)
- hurried, hasty, busy, precipitate, sudden, abrupt
formal or literary term noun noun (generic) noun or participle taking the aux. verb ใใ intransitive verb
- strife, struggle, conflict, fight
formal or literary term noun noun (generic)
- appearance of a layperson (as opposed to a Buddhist priest)
- unrefined appearance, vulgar style