usually written using kana alone  archaic  honorific language  auxiliary verb  verb (generic)  godan verb  godan verb (archaic)  transitive verb 

• to receive from another

search-only kanji form  polite language  auxiliary verb  verb (generic)  archaic  humble language 

• expresses politeness towards the listener (or reader)
• expresses respect towards those affected by the action

polite language  auxiliary verb  verb (generic) 

• please
• used to increase the politeness of a greeting

auxiliary verb  verb (generic) 

• does not, can not, will not

auxiliary verb  verb (generic)  godan verb  godan verb (archaic)  Kantou-ben 

• to do completely
• to do accidentally, to do without meaning to, to happen to do

search-only kanji form  usually written using kana alone  honorific language  godan verb  godan verb (archaic)  verb (generic)  intransitive verb  auxiliary verb 

• to come, to go, to be (somewhere)
• -ing

auxiliary verb  verb (generic)  conjunction 

• in order to do, for the purpose of doing

archaic  honorific language  yodan verb (archaic)  yodan verb (archaic)  verb (generic)  intransitive verb  polite language  auxiliary verb 

• to come, to go, to be (somewhere)
• to exist
• be, is

auxiliary verb  verb (generic)  godan verb  godan verb (archaic) 

• it is assuredly (that)..., can say with confidence that it is...

godan verb  godan verb (archaic)  verb (generic)  auxiliary verb 

• to be ...-ing