List: auxiliary verb
obsolete reading irregular okurigana archaic yodan verb (archaic) yodan verb (archaic) verb (generic) intransitive verb polite language auxiliary verb
- to serve (by a superior's side)
- to be
- to do
archaic auxiliary verb verb (generic)
- will (probably)
- intend (to do), will
- should, ought to
usually written using kana alone auxiliary verb verb (generic)
- it seems that ..., it appears that ...
- is like ..., is similar to ...
archaic auxiliary verb verb (generic) irregular ru verb
- not
auxiliary verb verb (generic) suffix
- not
godan verb godan verb (archaic) verb (generic) intransitive verb auxiliary verb archaic
- to grow wild, to run to waste, to become degenerate
- to become rough (of art, craft, etc.), to lose refinement, to deteriorate (of skill)
- to intensify (of wind, rain, etc.), to become more severe
- to do as one pleases, to amuse oneself, to play around
archaic expression auxiliary verb verb (generic)
- auxiliary verb indicating past condition or occurrence (e.g. "was", "had been", etc.)
archaic expression auxiliary verb verb (generic)
- auxiliary verb indicating the speaker's personal recollection or something they've heard (e.g. "was", "wasn't it?", "is said to have ...", etc.)
honorific language Ichidan verb verb (generic) transitive verb intransitive verb auxiliary verb
- to do
- to eat, to drink
- to put on, to wear
- to buy, to purchase
- to take (a bath)
- to ride, to get in (a vehicle), to take
- to catch (a cold)
- to put on (years), to get old
- to strike one's fancy, to please one
- indicates respect
auxiliary verb verb (generic) Ichidan verb honorific language
- indicates passive voice (incl. the "suffering passive")
- indicates the potential form
- indicates spontaneous occurrence
- used as an honorific for others' actions